Still, philosophical perspectives, conjectures, and presuppositions, often overlooked, remain necessary in natural science. Galileo, Descartes, Bacon, and Newton debated the benefits of using approaches which were more mathematical and more experimental in a methodical way. Modern natural science succeeded more classical approaches to natural philosophy, usually traced to Taoists traditions in Asia and in the Occident to ancient Greece. As empirical sciences, natural sciences use tools from the formal sciences, such as mathematics and logic, converting information about nature into measurements which can be explained as clear statements of the " laws of nature".
These branches of natural science may be further divided into more specialized branches (also known as fields). Life science is alternatively known as biology, and physical science is subdivided into branches: physics, chemistry, earth science, and astronomy. Natural science can be divided into two main branches: life science and physical science. Mechanisms such as peer review and repeatability of findings are used to try to ensure the validity of scientific advances. Natural science is a branch of science concerned with the description, understanding and prediction of natural phenomena, based on empirical evidence from observation and experimentation.
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